Meat contributing to climate change: study

Want to avoid contributing to climate change? You may want to give up on that hamburger!
Meat production contributes to climate change due to greenhouse gasses emitted by livestock, a new study has found.
Researchers found that livestock emissions are on the rise and that beef cattle are responsible for far more greenhouse gas emissions than other types of animals.
Carbon dioxide is the most-prevalent gas when it comes to climate change. But methane and nitrous oxide are also greenhouse gasses and account for approximately 28 per cent of global warming activity.
Methane and nitrous oxide are released, in part, by livestock. Animals release methane as a result of microorganisms that are involved in their digestive processes and nitrous oxide from decomposing manure.

These two gasses are responsible for a quarter of these non-carbon dioxide gas emissions and 9 per cent of total greenhouse gas emissions overall.

The research team, including Dario Caro, formerly of Carnegie Institution for Science and now at the University of Siena in Italy, and Carnegie's Ken Caldeira, estimated the greenhouse gas emissions related to livestock in 237 countries over a nearly half a century and found that livestock emissions increased by 51 per cent over this period.
They found a stark difference between livestock-related emissions in the developing world, which accounts for most of this increase, and that released by developed countries.

This is expected to increase further going forward, as demand for meat, dairy products, and eggs is predicted by some scientists to double by 2050.
By contrast, developed countries reached maximum livestock emissions in the 1970s and have been in decline since that time.
"The developing world is getting better at reducing greenhouse emissions caused by each animal, but this improvement is not keeping up with the increasing demand for meat," said Caro.
"As a result, greenhouse gas emissions from livestock keep going up and up in much of the developing world," Caro said.
Breaking it down by animal, beef and dairy cattle comprised 74 per cent of livestock-related greenhouse gas emissions, 54 per cent coming from beef cattle and 17 per cent from dairy cattle.

Part of this is due to the abundance of cows, but it is also because cattle emit greater quantities of methane and nitrous oxide than other animals. Sheep comprised 9 per cent, buffalo 7 per cent, pigs 5 per cent, and goats 4 per cent.
The research was published in the journal Climatic Change.