Lawyers and rights groups say convicted murderer Khizar Hayat, 55, cannot be executed as he cannot understand his crime and punishment.
The World Psychiatric Association said it was "extremely concerned" by the plans to execute Hayat, warning his death would be "an irreversible miscarriage of justice".
"After eight years of treatment with powerful anti-psychotic medications, his symptoms remain as serious as ever, leading to a diagnosis that his schizophrenia is treatment resistant," said the statement by the association.
His execution had been set for January 17, but a high court in the eastern Pakistani city of Lahore intervened days before he was set to face the gallows, giving him a temporary stay until January 30.
The court ruled it would be "unjust" to proceed on Hayat's case without waiting for the Supreme Court's decision in the case of Imdad Ali, another schizophrenic facing execution.
Ali was given a last-minute reprieve in October. High court judges in Lahore will rule Monday if Hayat's stay of execution should be extended until the Supreme Court determines Ali's fate.
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