Sergey Lavrov said during a visit to Slovenia that being a member of NATO or the European Union "does not mean it is necessary to avoid contacts with states that are not included in those international organizations," like Russia.
"I think it's absolutely detrimental to push a false choice on any country, which suggests that well, you go either West or East," he said.
"Regrettably, some of our counterparts in the West proceed from precisely this logic when they communicate with countries in Western Balkans, and not only there."
While Slovenia joined Western sanctions against Russia over Ukraine, Serbia has refused to do so despite EU demands.
There have been mounting fears in the West that Russia has been using Serbia to foment tensions in the Balkans by arming its ally.
In a joint opinion piece with Serbia Foreign Minister Ivica Dacic, Lavrov wrote that policies of "'either with us or against us' have fueled mistrust and instability on the European continent."
Serbia has said it wants to join the EU while maintaining close ties with Moscow, in a balancing act that some analysts believe is not sustainable as the country moves closer to the bloc.
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