Newspapers said relatives of the missing had been put through "heaven and hell" and accused the maritime ministry of recklessness.
Nine of the 304 people killed nearly three years ago in one of the South's worst maritime disasters have never been found.
Salvaging the wreck in one piece -- finally achieved in a complex operation last week -- had been a key demand of their families, who say they have been unable to mourn properly without the remains.
Little more than five hours later it withdrew the assertion, saying the pieces had been confirmed to be seven animal bone fragments.
Citing forensic experts, Yonhap news agency said they were from pig legs -- and could be immediately identified as such by any specialist.
In a front-page headline today, the Hankook Ilbo declared: "Maritime ministry gives relatives double punch".
"Relatives of missing people had to undergo heaven and hell in one swoop as the government recklessly went ahead with an important announcement without checking basic facts," it said.
Animal bones and human bones are easily discernible even to the naked eye, it added.
Relatives who have set up home at a port near the accident site burst into tears when a senior official told them "human remains" had been retrieved, the paper said.
They rushed to reach a semi-submersible anchored out at sea, where the wreck has been loaded and the bone fragments were found, only to be told of their animal origins.
Lost for words and exhausted, they returned to their shelters in silence, according to the daily.
Reports suggested the bones could have come from food on board the Sewol - pork from Jeju, the ship's destination, is a popular regional specialty.
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