The United States, which has a longstanding defence pact with the Philippines, has led a drive at the UN Security Council to impose tough sanctions against the North for its nuclear and ballistic missile tests.
The threat from Pyongyang's programme was a major topic at a two-day meeting of Southeast Asian defence chiefs and their partners hosted by the Philippines.
"Sanctions (are) not working but still strengthening the hand of Mr Kim Jong-Un," Philippine Defence Secretary Delfin Lorenzana told reporters, as he gave his own assessment on the issue after leading the meetings.
The North has for decades been developing atomic weapons and the missiles to deliver them and says it needs them to counter a US nuclear threat.
After a flurry of missile launches by the North and its sixth nuclear test last month, the UN imposed fresh sanctions that included bans or restrictions on the export of coal, iron ore and seafood by Pyongyang.
US President Donald Trump has also engaged in an escalating war of words with Kim, trading personal insults and threatening to "totally destroy" his country if it threatens the United States.
Mattis met the ministers yesterday as part of an Asian trip that will see him visiting Seoul for annual defence talks - ahead of a visit to Asia by Trump.
North Korea was "slowly being isolated" but major powers should rethink their approach, said Lorenzana.
"I think some of the major players in that area - the US, China and Russia -- will have to come up with another approach to reach out to North Korea," he said.
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