Michael Howard, a former leader of the ruling Conservative Party, noted yesterday that former PM Margaret Thatcher took military action after Argentine forces invaded the Falkland Islands 35 years ago and said current leader Theresa May would "show the same resolve" on Gibraltar.
Spanish Foreign Minister Alfonso Dastis said Madrid was taken aback by such comments.
"The Spanish government is a little surprised by the tone which the United Kingdom has adopted, a country known for being phlegmatic.
May yesterday insisted she would "never" allow Gibraltar to slip from British control to allay the fears of visiting Chief Minister of Gibraltar Fabian Picardo.
British foreign minister Boris Johnson added that "Gibraltar is not for sale."
He said today that London's position was "very, very clear, which is that the sovereignty of Gibraltar is unchanged, and it's not going to change."
With a population of just over 32,000, Gibraltar has been a British overseas territory since 1713 but Spain has long laid claim to it.
Commercially, the tiny territory is heavily reliant on its small land border with Spain and last year's Brexit vote is a source of concern in Gibraltar, whose residents voted massively in favour of staying.
Dastis said Madrid is not out to make things more difficult at the frontier, telling the El Pais daily in an interview published Sunday there was "no intention to close the border."
After Britain voted to leave the EU, Madrid proposed shared sovereignty, arguing that would allow Gibraltar to stay in the bloc.
But Gibraltarians overwhelmingly voted down that idea in a 2002 referendum.
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