Parker, the founder of music-sharing service Napster and an early investor and executive at Facebook, will create a center for immunotherapy -- which aims to use the body's immune system to fight the disease -- collaborating with six US-based cancer research institutions.
"We are at an inflection point in cancer research and now is the time to maximize immunotherapy's unique potential to transform all cancers into manageable diseases, saving millions of lives," said Parker, who last year created the Parker Foundation.
The new Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy will work with over 40 laboratories and more than 300 researchers and immunologists. All the research and intellectual property will be shared, "enabling all researchers to have immediate access to a broad swath of core discoveries," according to a statement.
The center will be headed by University of California-San Francisco scientist Jeffrey Bluestone, who was named to a panel to help guide the "moonshot" cancer initiative announced this year by Vice President Joe Biden.
"It harnesses the body's own powerful immune system to mobilise its highly refined disease-fighting arsenal to engage and eliminate the cancer cells."
Bluestone was the founder and served for 10 years as director of the Immune Tolerance Network, a multicenter clinical immunology research program.
Partners in the project in addition to UCSF include the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Stanford Medicine, UCLA, the University of Pennsylvania and The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center.
Parker and his wife Alexandra were holding a gala event in Los Angeles to mark the launch.
Attendees expected include entertainment stars such as Katy Perry, Orlando Bloom, Sean Penn and Ron Howard, as well as tech industry leaders such as Jack Dorsey of Twitter, Anne Wojcicki of Google and Laurene Jobs, widow of Steve Jobs.
The event was to feature a musical performance by John Legend and "a surprise guest.
