During a three-month stay in Syria, the woman married and then split up from a jihadist and was put in a jail operated by the IS group before being released, the official said.
The woman, named as Sonia Belayati, 22, was detained at a bus terminal in the southeastern Sanliurfa province early Tuesday after France provided Turkish authorities with intelligence, the official told AFP on condition of anonymity.
The woman had flown into Istanbul in March and then crossed into Syria and joined the IS extremists.
"She later got married to a high-level foreign fighter in Daesh and stayed in Syria," the official said.
The woman later split up with the jihadist and was detained in an IS prison in Syria for almost one month.
After her release, she illegally crossed the border into Sanliurfa where she was detained by the security forces.
Turkey has started deportation procedures for the woman, with the knowledge of French authorities, the Turkish official added.
Turkey has come under fire from the West over the flow of foreign jihadists through its volatile border.
The government says it has put over 13,500 foreign citizens -- 18 per cent of whom are of European or North American origin -- from 98 countries on an entry blacklist to stop them travelling to join the IS group.
Turkey, which shares a combined 1,300 kilometre (800 mile) border with Iraq and Syria, has angrily rejected suggestions it has not done enough to halt the passage of militants.
It said it has already deported more than 1,350 people suspected of seeking to join IS and has set up special "risk analysis centres" at transport hubs including bus terminals and airports to question suspect travellers.
