The head of the National Electoral Council, Tibisay Lucena, made the announcement today after talks broke down between the government and opposition on setting a date for the polls.
With the opposition coalition barred from fielding a candidate and several top Maduro critics banned, the deeply unpopular leftist president's opponents accuse him of rigging the snap vote before it is even held.
Venezuela was not due to hold a presidential election until December.
It comes at a time when the opposition is reeling from Maduro's attacks and its own internal divisions.
Its umbrella coalition, the Democratic Unity Roundtable (MUD), tried to negotiate a later date in talks with government officials in the Dominican Republic.
But the dialogue broke down today, with Maduro refusing to budge from a draft deal on early elections that the opposition called unacceptable.
"We implore the government not to commit the absurd mistake of calling elections unilaterally," tweeted opposition delegate Julio Borges.
The election will be held against a backdrop of economic and political crisis.
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