Lack of constancy of purpose: There must be a clear goal or long-range plan to stay in business beyond making money.

Emphasis on short-term profits: Concentrating only on the next quarter undermines quality and productivity.

Annual ratings of employees performances: Such management by fear destroys teamwork and demoralises employees.

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Mobility of management: Doesnt instil trust in employees or ability to follow up on long term changes.

Running a company on visible figures alone: Key numbers are unknowable, like the multiplier effect of happy and unhappy customers.

Excessive medical costs for employee healthcare: Increases the final costs of goods and services.

Excessive costs of liability: Swelled by lawyers working on a contingency basis.

From Out of the Crisis,by W Edwards Deming

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First Published: Oct 21 1997 | 12:00 AM IST

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