As Covid-19 ticks up, US advisers recommend a fall vaccination campaign

With fresh Covid-19 cases bubbling up in some parts of the country, health officials are setting course for a fall vaccination campaign.

An influential government advisory panel on Thursday recommended new shots for all Americans this fall. The director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention must endorse the recommendation.

Officials acknowledged the need for vaccinations is not as dire as it was only a few years ago. Most Americans have some degree of immunity from being infected, from past vaccinations or both. Covid-19 deaths and hospitalizations last month were at about their lowest point since the pandemic first hit the United States in 2020.

But immunity wanes, new coronavirus variants keep emerging and there are still hundreds of Covid-19-associated deaths and thousands of hospitalizations reported each week.

What's more, health officials have reported upticks this month in Covid-19-associated emergency room visits and hospitalizations, and a pronounced increase in positive test results in the southwestern US

It's not clear whether that's a sign of a coming summer wave which has happened before or just a blip, said Lauren Ancel Meyers of the University of Texas, who leads a research team that tracks Covid-19.

We'll have to see what happens in the coming weeks," she said.

At a Thursday meeting at the CDC in Atlanta, infectious disease experts voted to recommend updated Covid-19 vaccines for Americans age 6 months and older.

Health officials have told Americans to expect a yearly update to Covid-19 vaccines, just like they are recommended to get a new shot each fall to protect against the latest flu strains.

Earlier this month, the Food and Drug Administration following the guidance of its own panel of expert advisers told vaccine manufacturers to target the JN.1 version of the virus. But a week later, the FDA told manufacturers that if they could still switch, a better target might be an offshoot subtype called KP.2.

On Thursday, the CDC advisory panel voted 11-0 for a new round of shots, which officials say should become available in August and September.

Many Americans aren't heeding the CDC's advice.

As of last month, less than one-quarter of US adults and 14 per cent of children were up to date in their Covid-19 shots. Surveys show shrinking percentages of Americans think Covid-19 is a major health threat to the US population, and indicate that fewer doctors are urging patients to get updated vaccines.

CDC officials on Thursday presented recent survey information in which about 23 per cent of respondents said they would definitely get an updated Covid-19 shot this fall, but 33 per cent said they definitely would not.

Meanwhile, the CDC's Bridge Access Program which has been paying for shots for uninsured US adults is expected to shut down in August because of discontinued funding. The program paid for nearly 1.5 million doses from September to last month.

"It is a challenge with this program going away, said the CDC's Shannon Stokley.

About 1.2 million US Covid-19-associated deaths have been reported since early 2020, according to the CDC. The toll was most intense in the winter of 2020-2021, when weekly deaths surpassed 20,000. About 1 out of every 100 Americans ages 75 and older were hospitalized with Covid-19 in the last four years, CDC officials said Thursday.