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IPO

About IPO

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What is IPO

An unlisted company (A company which is not listed on the stock exchange) announces initial public offering (IPO) when it decides to raise funds through sale of securities or shares for the first time to the public. In other words, IPO is the selling of securities to the public in the primary market.  A primary market deals with new securities being issued for the first time.  After listing on the stock exchange, the company becomes a publicly-traded company and the shares of the firm can be traded freely in the open market.
 
The company which issues shares to the public is referred to as the issuer. There are two common types of IPO.
 
Fixed Price Offering
 
Fixed Price IPO can be referred to as the issue price that some companies set for the initial sale of their shares.
 
Book Building Offering
 
In the case of book building, the company initiating an IPO offers a 20% price band on the stocks to the investors. The interested investors bid on the shares before the final price is decided.
 
IPO is used by small and medium enterprises, startups and other new companies to expand, improve their existing business. An IPO is a way for companies to acquire fresh capital, which in turn can be used to finance research, fund capital expenditure, reduce debt and explore other opportunities. An IPO will also bring in transparency into affairs of the company since it will be required to inform financial numbers and other market-related developments on time to the stock exchanges. The company's investment in various equity and bond instruments will come under greater scrutiny after it gets listed. IPO of any company brings great deal of attention and credibility. Analysts around the world report on investment decisions of the clients.
 
Investing in an IPO:
 
Investors betting on an IPO can earn handsome returns if they are wise and have some expertise. The investors can form a choice by going through the prospectus of the companies initiating IPO. They need to go through the IPO prospectus carefully to form an informed idea about the company’s business plan and its purpose for raising stocks in the market. However, one must be watchful and have a clear understanding of analysing financial metrics in order to identify the opportunities.
 
An unlisted company (A company which is not listed on the stock exchange) announces initial public offering (IPO) when it decides to raise funds through sale of securities or shares for the first time to the public. In other words, IPO is the selling of securities to the public in the primary market.  A primary market deals with new securities being issued for the first time.  After listing on the stock exchange, the company becomes a publicly-traded company and the shares of the firm can be traded freely in the open market.
 

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Latest Updates on IPO

Is SpaceX worth $1.77 trillion? Some investors call it 'pie in the sky'

Elon Musk's rocket company is spending big and losing money, raising questions about whether it can justify its valuation for its blockbuster initial public offering

Updated On: 12 Jun 2026 | 8:49 AM IST

How Asia's locked-out investors are trading SpaceX IPO with limited access

Investors across Asia are turning to space-related stocks, sector ETFs and Nasdaq 100 funds to gain indirect exposure to potential gains from the SpaceX IPO

Updated On: 12 Jun 2026 | 7:47 AM IST

Musk's SpaceX raises record $75 bn in world's biggest IPO at $135 a share

The sale breaks the previous record for the largest-ever IPO held by state-run oil giant Saudi Aramco, which raised $25.6 billion on Riyadh's exchange in December 2019, valuing it at $1.71 trillion

Updated On: 12 Jun 2026 | 7:46 AM IST

ED summoned Zepto's Aadit Palicha, Kaivalya Vohra over FEMA compliance

Zepto's updated IPO papers show founders Aadit Palicha and Kaivalya Vohra received ED summons under FEMA, with the company also flagging regulatory risks to investors

Updated On: 09 Jun 2026 | 10:53 PM IST

SpaceX IPO marks the peak of AI euphoria, says Chris Wood of Jefferies

SpaceX is planning to sell 555.6 million shares at a fixed price $135 per share. This will raise $75 billion and value the company at $1.77 trillion.

Updated On: 09 Jun 2026 | 10:32 PM IST

Eyeing SpaceX, OpenAI stocks? Global investment platforms offer access

While selecting one, check the safeguards and the tax-reporting support offered by it

Updated On: 09 Jun 2026 | 10:25 PM IST

SpaceX IPO fever sparks global hunt for aerospace, satellite stocks

With restrictions in parts of Asia on how retail investors may access the IPO, traders are scoping out regional suppliers to ride the SpaceX-driven rally

Updated On: 09 Jun 2026 | 12:24 PM IST

ED summoned Zepto founders in April under Fema ahead of IPO, UDRHP reveals

The UDRHP revealed ED asked Zepto's founders to provide information related to foreign and overseas investments, audited financial statements since FY21, shareholding patterns, loans and guarantees.

Updated On: 09 Jun 2026 | 10:48 AM IST

Perplexity targets 2028 IPO regardless of Anthropic or OpenAI listings

The SpaceX IPO this week will definitely be a leading indicator of how Anthropic or OpenAI will go out, CEO Aravind Srinivas said

Updated On: 09 Jun 2026 | 9:43 AM IST

OpenAI files confidential IPO paperwork, opens path for Wall Street debut

OpenAI CEO Sam Altman first publicly floated the possibility of an IPO last fall, describing it as the "most likely path" for the company given its size and the need for vast amounts of capital

Updated On: 09 Jun 2026 | 6:54 AM IST

Zepto files updated DRHP, plans to raise ₹8,010 crore via fresh issue

Zepto has filed its updated draft papers with Sebi for a proposed ₹10,000 crore IPO, with the proceeds earmarked for expansion, technology investments and business growth

Updated On: 09 Jun 2026 | 6:46 AM IST

Carlsberg may file for India IPO this month, seeks up to $700 million

Carlsberg is working with Kotak Mahindra Capital Co. and the local units of JPMorgan Chase & Co. and Citigroup Inc. on the proposed share sale

Updated On: 08 Jun 2026 | 11:28 AM IST

Paras Healthcare plans ₹1,800 crore IPO, files draft papers with Sebi

Proposed IPO comprises a fresh issue of equity shares aggregating up to ₹500 crore and an Offer-For-Sale (OFS) of equity shares worth up to ₹1,300 crore by the selling shareholder

Updated On: 05 Jun 2026 | 1:56 PM IST

Coca-Cola explores IPO for India bottling unit in 2027, weighs stake sale

It currently holds a 60 per cent stake in Hindustan Coca-Cola Holdings after Indian conglomerate Jubilant Bhartia Group completed the purchase of a 40 per cent stake in the bottler in 2025

Updated On: 02 Jun 2026 | 6:42 AM IST

SpaceX lowers IPO valuation target to at least $1.8 trillion

SpaceX is targeting a valuation of at least $1.8 trillion in its IPO, potentially making it the largest public offering in history

Updated On: 29 May 2026 | 10:53 PM IST

Kent RO delays IPO amid market volatility from West Asia conflict

Kent received regulatory clearance last June for a public listing comprising an offer for sale by existing shareholders, including Chairman and Managing Director Mahesh Gupta

Updated On: 26 May 2026 | 11:41 AM IST

PharmEasy's parent has a new playbook: Profit first, growth second

After slashing debt and narrowing losses, API Holdings is prioritising profitability over expansion as it revives long-term IPO ambitions for PharmEasy

Updated On: 19 May 2026 | 7:00 PM IST

52 of 112 FY26 IPOs below issue price; analysts advise selective buying

Stocks such as Anlon Healthcare, Jaro Institute, VMS TMT, Shree Ram Twistex and Glottis are down in the range of 50 to 80 per cent, as per data shared by PRIME Database.

Updated On: 05 May 2026 | 7:50 AM IST

Jio IPO may slip to second half of FY27 on geopolitical risks: Report

Earlier market rumors reported that the IPO could come as early as May, with Reliance looking to shed 2.5-3 per cent stake from its existing 67 per cent stake in Jio for close to $4 billion

Updated On: 29 Apr 2026 | 1:22 PM IST

Is MakeMyTrip weighing IDR route for India listing? Here's what it means

MakeMyTrip is reportedly evaluating IDR route over a traditional IPO as it looks to access Indian investors while managing tax exposure, regulatory complexity in its offshore structure

Updated On: 27 Apr 2026 | 3:33 PM IST