People dividing into 'tribes' on Twitter, Facebook

Scientists have discovered the emergence of a new trend on social networking sites like Twitter and Facebook, where people are forming into tribe-like communities with their own unique languages.

These communities have a common character, occupation or interest and have developed their own distinctive languages, according to the study led by scientists from Royal Holloway University in collaboration with Princeton University.

"This means that by looking at the language someone uses, it is possible to predict which community he or she is likely to belong to, with up to 80 per cent accuracy," said Dr John Bryden from the School of Biological Sciences at Royal Holloway.

"We searched for unusual words that are used a lot by one community, but relatively infrequently by the others. For example, one community often mentioned Justin Bieber, while another talked about President Obama," Bryden said in the study published in EPJ Data Science.

"Interestingly, just as people have varying regional accents, we also found that communities would misspell words in different ways. The Justin Bieber fans have a habit of ending words in 'ee', as in 'pleasee', while school teachers tend to use long words," Professor Vincent Jansen from Royal Holloway said in a statement.

The team produced a map of the communities showing how they have vocations, politics, ethnicities and hobbies in common. In order to do this, they focused on the sending of publicly available messages via Twitter, which meant that they could record conversations between two or many participants.

To group these users into communities, they turned to cutting-edge algorithms from physics and network science. The algorithms worked by looking for individuals that tend to send messages to other members of the same community.

Bryden then suggested analysing the language use of these discovered communities.

"When we started to apply John's ideas, surprising groups started to emerge that we weren't expecting," Dr Sebastian Funk from Princeton University said.

"One 'anipals' group was interested in hosting parties to raise funds for animal welfare, while another was a fascinating growing community interested in the concept of gratitude," said Funk.