Karnataka leads in cases of resurgent chikungunya

An acerbic exchange of tweets between Delhi Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal and journalist Shekhar Gupta illustrated the growing tension in India's capital over chikungunya, a painful but previously non-fatal mosquito-borne disease that has claimed 12 lives in Delhi this month.

While the deaths in Delhi have focused national attention on a disease, marked by fever, headaches, acute joint pains and, now, organ failure, that has seen a resurgence since 2012 after a 32-year hiatus, 77 per cent of all chikungunya cases in 2016 (until July) were reported from Karnataka, according to government health data.

Chikungunya is one of four major mosquito-borne diseases reported across India. The others are malaria, Japanese encephalitis (JE) and dengue fever. The incidence of these diseases is regarded as under-reported in India, but official data do indicate that while they are now of public concern, thanks to high-profile deaths in relatively wealthier cities, such as Delhi and Mumbai, the majority of cases are reported from poorer areas.

Odisha reported 45 per cent (112,963) of nationwide malaria cases this year, till June 2016, according to data released by the Minister of Mealth and family welfare to the Lok Sabha in July 2016. The most deaths from malaria were reported from West Bengal: 27 of the 57 nationwide.

Similarly, national news about dengue has focused on Mumbai and Delhi: A Bharatiya Janata Party member of legislative assembly from Gujarat died in Mumbai's Hinduja hospital, as did two women; Maharashtra reported 723 cases, according to The Times of India.

Delhi has had 1,158 dengue cases till now, with 390 reported in September 2016, according to news reports, with 18 dead.

Kerala reported the highest number of cases (3,767), with five deaths, until July 2016. As many as 13,663 dengue cases, with 21 deaths, were reported nationwide over the same period.

There has been a 32 per cent rise in vector-borne diseases over the last five years, but the budget to combat them rose 7 per cent, IndiaSpend reported in March 2016.

Karnataka reported 77 per cent (6,711) of chikungunya cases nationwide, followed by Andhra Pradesh with 451 until July 24, 2016. Delhi reported 64 cases.

JE is the other mosquito-borne disease surging through India. It has not been reported from leading metropolitan cities and has not gained attention. Assam reported 67 per cent cases of JE, a viral brain infectionand 90 per cent of 70 deaths nationwide, according to July 2016 data released to the Lok Sabha.