The annual festival, scheduled to take place on Friday in Guangxi province, sees dogs packed into cages before being killed, skinned and cooked -- but has met with increasing opposition from activists, highlighting China's growing animal rights movement.
Members of the activist group the Boai Small Animal Protection Centre have been protesting in Yulin, the city which holds the festival, since early this month, calling on the local government to cancel it, group founder Du Yufeng said.
"This year the government has said they feel under pressure from online activism...So they have a special team to monitor the festival," Du said.
But the measures were unlikely to prevent the annual feast, she said.
"I think the team will reduce the cruelty somewhat, but mostly on the surface," she said, adding: "We have seen animals beaten just before being cooked...The more we inspect, the more cruelty we discover."
The event is reported to have started several decades ago to mark the summer solstice. It is due to attract 10,000 people according to the South China Morning Post.
Trucks arriving at the city packed with live dogs had taken measures to avoid being intercepted by activists, Du said.
"We can't stop the trucks because they come at three or four in the morning, so we don't know about them," she said.
But the activists had rescued dozens of the dogs and hoped to find new homes for them, she said.
Dog meat is not widely eaten in China, but can be found at restaurants across the country, where it is sometimes considered a speciality.
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