The United Nations and donor countries have been trying for months to prevent a contested election outcome, fearing political deadlock and the threat of ethnic violence as US-led troops withdraw from the country.
But with the two candidates at loggerheads, Wednesday's preliminary results look set to tip Afghanistan into a risky period of street protests and uncertainty.
The election crisis comes as Taliban insurgents launched a major offensive in southern Afghanistan in a sign of the challenges that Afghan security forces face with declining NATO military support.
"We have no more trust in the commission or its employees," Javed Faisal, a spokesman for Abdullah said. "Whatever they announce (on Wednesday) will not be legal."
Faisal said Abdullah's campaign team did not support violence, but added "we will defend our votes, we will demand justice".
Abdullah, a former foreign minister, believes fraud denied him victory in the 2009 election and has vowed not to back down in the clash over alleged ballot-box stuffing this election.
Ghani's campaign said the election had been clean and their candidate had pulled in votes across ethnic lines.
"The election commission's announcement will be made after very meticulous calculations under the observation of the international community," spokesman Daud Sultanzoy said.
"We will welcome the results, which will create a new opportunity for the Afghan people, uncertainties will be removed and people will breathe a sigh of relief."
When a new president come to power, fostering peace will be high on the agenda after a bloody 13-year Taliban insurgency against US-led troops and the Kabul government.
Afghan army and police reinforcements have been sent in to re-take territory in the hotbed district of Sangin, where the Taliban have established a strong presence.
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