The men were accused of taking part in an unauthorised demonstration in the Shiite village of Al-Maameer, south of the capital, last June, the source said.
The prosecution also charged the demonstrators with assaulting a police patrol with "Molotov cocktails and iron rods", according to the source.
Dozens of Shiites have been tried over incidents of unrest following Arab Spring-inspired protests in mid-February 2011, during which demonstrators called for reforms in the Sunni-ruled kingdom.
Three years on and Bahrain, home to the US Fifth Fleet, remains deeply divided and demonstrators frequently clash with security forces in Shiite villages outside the capital.
Last year, authorities increased the penalties for those convicted of violence, introducing the death penalty or life sentences in certain cases.
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