Kolkata Police said the woman had been admitted to the nursing home early this week for the treatment of her eyes.
The doctor attending on her is alleged to have raped her despite her resistance and the patient later told women workers in the nursing home and her family members about it.
Her family lodged a complaint with the police at Beniapukur police station early today.
The doctor was later arrested and produced before a city court which remanded him to police custody.