The deal bolsters the world's biggest social network by adding the 450 million users of WhatsApp, which will be operated independently with its own board.
It is Facebook's biggest acquisition and comes less than two years after Mark Zuckerberg's firm raised USD 16 billion in the richest tech sector public stock offering.
The purchase includes USD 12 billion in Facebook shares and USD 4 billion cash. It calls for an additional USD 3 billion in restricted stock units to be granted to WhatsApp founders and employees that will vest over four years.
Facebook reportedly sought to acquire another hot messaging firm, Snapchat, for USD 3 billion last year.
"WhatsApp is on a path to connect one billion people. The services that reach that milestone are all incredibly valuable," said Zuckerberg, Facebook founder and chief executive.
"I've known (WhatsApp founder) Jan (Koum) for a long time and I'm excited to partner with him and his team to make the world more open and connected."
"Almost five years ago we started WhatsApp with a simple mission: building a cool product used globally by everybody. Nothing else mattered to us," Koum said in a blog post.
"Today we are announcing a partnership with Facebook that will allow us to continue on that simple mission.
"Doing this will give WhatsApp the flexibility to grow and expand, while giving me, (co-founder) Brian (Acton), and the rest of our team more time to focus on building a communications service that's as fast, affordable and personal as possible.
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