Barbarin, the most senior French Catholic leader to be tried for allegedly failing to report a predator priest, will go on trial on April 4 next year along with six co-defendants, the court in Lyon said.
The trial is set to run for three days.
The 66-year-old cardinal is accused of failing to report priest Bernard Preynat to authorities after a former scout in 2014 accused the cleric of abusing him in the 1980s.
The scandal has tarnished the image of one of the French church's most media-friendly figures.
The cardinal has denied any wrongdoing, claiming he did not know how to go about dealing with allegations dating back over two decades.
An archbishop of a southwestern diocese and a bishop from the central city of Nevers are also accused in the case.
The scandal is the worst to hit the church in France since 2001, when a bishop was given a three-month suspended jail sentence for failing to inform authorities about another paedophile priest.
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