Assailants threw grenades both in the capital Bujumbura and at some provincial voting centres ahead of today's parliamentary and local elections, delaying the start of voting in some areas, police and election officials said.
Another grenade exploded in the capital shortly after voting began in the latest example of the weeks of violence sparked by President Pierre Nkurunzizaa's defiant bid for a third term.
By midday, election commission chief Pierre-Claver Ndayicariye, said "participation was enormous throughout the country."
UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon earlier called for the elections to be delayed after the opposition said they would not take part, as Burundi faces its worst crisis since civil war ended nine years ago.
The European Union on Monday condemned the decision to hold elections, saying polls "can only exacerbate the profound crisis."
Police patrolled the streets of Bujumbura, especially in opposition areas where the worst violence was seen during weeks of protests.
"Armed groups tried to attack polling centres... They were shooting and threw grenades, but the police stopped them," deputy police chief Godefroid Bizimana said.
"The protesters closed roads to block us, but we went with the police," said Annick Niyonkuru, one of the few civilians waiting to vote in the capital's Musaga district.
Outside the capital, polling centres also appeared quiet. In the southern Bururi district, an opposition stronghold, about 10 per cent of registered voters had cast their ballots by midday.
In nearby Rumonge, a more politically mixed area, turnout appeared to be around 30 per cent.
On the eve of the election, top ruling party official and parliament head Pie Ntavyohanyuma said he had joined some 127,000 other Burundians who have fled the country, denouncing President Pierre Nkurunziza's "illegal" bid to stay in power for a third term.
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