Their bid came on the final day of a three-day trip by Zhang Dejiang, who chairs China's communist-controlled legislature, where frustrated protesters have been kept out of sight behind barricades in a security lockdown.
Zhang's visit is the first by such a senior official for four years and comes as concerns grow that freedoms are under threat in semi-autonomous Hong Kong as China tightens its grip.
The group were detained before Zhang's motorcade emerged from the motorway tunnel.
The protesters were all members of Demosisto, a political party led by Wong, who became the face of major pro-democracy rallies in 2014.
A video posted on the party's Facebook page showed the group being chased on foot and pinned to the ground by traffic police.
"(Protesters) rushed out near the tunnel front to voice out the demand of self determination and the anger of people against the interference of the Chinese government," Demosisto's Agnes Chow said in a statement.
Hong Kong police had no immediate comment.
Zhang's visit was ostensibly for an economic conference, but has been widely seen as a conciliatory effort after frustration over lack of political reform sparked a fledgling independence movement, condemned by authorities in both Hong Kong and mainland China.
During the trip, Zhang sought to reassure Hongkongers the city would not be "mainlandised" but hit back at activists calling for more autonomy, labelling them separatists.
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