'Insect eyes' may allow drones to fly independently

Scientists have developed a system, inspired by insect eyes, that may allow drones to adjust their speed to their surroundings and fly on their own - without human intervention and control.
After studying how insects navigate through dense vegetation, researchers at Lund University in Sweden came up with the system that can be applied to flying robots.
By adapting the system to drones, they can be made to adjust their speed to their surroundings and fly on their own, researchers said.
The research shows how bees that fly through dense forests assess light intensity to avoid other objects and find holes in the vegetation to enable them to navigate safely.

The ability to avoid collisions is crucial to animals and insects that live in environments with many obstacles.
The results show that insects, such as the green orchid bee in the Panama rainforests, apply a strategy where they assess the light intensity to navigate quickly and effectively without crashing.

They are guided by the intensity of the light that penetrates the holes in leaves to determine whether a particular hole is sufficiently large for them to fly through safely without hitting the edges.
"The system is so simple - it's highly likely that other animals also use light in this way. The system is ideal for adapting to small, light-weight robots, such as drones. My guess is that this will become a reality within five to ten years," said vision researcher Emily Baird.

Before it is realised, the biological results from the rainforest must be transformed into mathematical models and digital systems that make it possible for robots to fly in complicated environments completely without human intervention, researchers said.
"Using light to navigate in complex environments is a universal strategy that can be applied by both animals and machines to detect openings and get through them safely.
"Really, the coolest thing is the fact that insects have developed simple strategies to cope with difficult problems for which engineers have still to come up with a solution," said Baird.
The research was published in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B.