Netanyahu "instructed the foreign ministry to contact the P5+1 countries and demand that immediate punitive measures be taken in the wake of Iran's repeated and gross violations on the missiles issue", it said in an English-language statement.
"This is an important step in and of itself and is also a test of the major powers in enforcing the nuclear agreement," it added.
An agreement between Iran and the permanent five members of the UN Security Council plus Germany (P5+1) lifts international sanctions in return for Tehran ensuring that its nuclear programme remains purely for civilian use.
Iran says it fired two long-range ballistic missiles on Wednesday and similar tests were carried out on Tuesday, less than two months after the Iran nuclear deal was implemented.
On Thursday, an Israeli foreign ministry statement condemned the launches.
"The development of ground-to-ground missiles with nuclear warhead capability calls into question Iran's intentions to comply in full with the nuclear agreement," it said.
Samantha Power, the US ambassador to the United Nations, said yesterday that she had asked the Security Council to discuss the matter on Monday.
Under the deal with Iran that came into force on January 16, most sanctions resolutions against Tehran were annulled.
But an arms embargo and restrictions on ballistic missile technology capable of carrying a nuclear warhead remain in place, under Resolution 2231.
Iran has maintained that its missile programme is not aimed at developing a nuclear capability.
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