No 'silver bullet' for excessive inequality, says IMF chief

Policymakers across the world must act now to check inequalities even as there is no "silver bullet" to contain this problem, IMF chief Christine Lagarde said today amid a raging debate here at WEF on widening wealth gap and the resultant rise in populism.
She also said that turning back on globalisation will be a wrong approach.
"Yes and now, the economists would say," the Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) said on whether middle class is in crisis.
"There is this crisis in the advanced economies," she added.
According to her, the middle class is both growing and shrinking -- growing on a global basis, but shrinking in countries like the US.

If there is excessive inequalities, it becomes difficult to achieve sustainable growth, she added.

Further, Lagarde said there was a large backlash from several economists including from her own institution when she first talked about inequality in 2013 here at Davos in a plenary session.
"If the policymakers do not listen now, I don't understand what can be done... There is no silver bullet response to excessive inequality," she said, adding that turning back on globalisation will be a wrong approach.
She also emphasised that policymakers must listen to the voters.
On concerns whether globalisation will take a hit due to the policies of incoming US President Donald Trump, she said, "We have very little by way of detailed information as to what the plan is if there is such thing as a plan."

She was speaking at a session at WEF Annual Meeting here on how to fix middle class crisis.
At the same session, eminent economist and Harvard Professor Larry Summers said wealthy feel they need to look after themselves while poor feel that they are not being heard.
He said globalisation itself has changed considerably today, while adding that one needs to be very cautious with adhoc policy making.
The panel also discussed whether poor employment prospects and low-income growth in many developed economies have laid the groundwork for the rise of populism. It also focused on whether policymakers ignored these trends or did too little to address them.

Besides, the panelists talked about what can be done to restore growth in the middle class and confidence in the future.
Lagarde said there is also a need to address the middle
class anxiety on new technology disruptions as well as other new things and policy makers would need to think about that.
Panelists also said one needs to understand that all people voting for populist measures are not necessarily bad guys and probably they are concerned about their children's future.
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"Globalisation is allowing massive numbers of people to get out of poverty. If you look around the globe, the net effect is extremely positive," Brazil's Finance Minister Henrique Meirelles said.

The current trends of middle-class anger are specific to certain developed countries, while many emerging countries such as Brazil have seen strong growth in the middle class over the last 20 years, he added.
"I don't think we are exiting globalisation," Italy's Minister of Economy and Finance Pier Carlo Padoan said.
Noting that the world is entering a new stage, Padoan urged his fellow European policy-makers to listen to middle- class concerns for their own future and those of their children.
Harvard University Professor Lawrence Summers said inequality is only one of the causes of rising populism and underlined the need for aggressive action against the tax and regulatory arbitrage that permits many large companies and wealthy individuals to play by different rules.