New York's main contract, West Texas Intermediate for delivery October, soared to USD 112.24, reaching a level last seen in early May, 2011.
Later, it was showing a net gain of 96 cents to USD 109.97 a barrel as traders banked substantial gains.
Brent North Sea crude oil jumped to USD 117.34 -- the highest point since late February. Brent went on to trade at USD 115.31 a barrel, up 95 cents compared with Tuesday's close.
Crude futures had already leapt to their highest level in 18 months on Tuesday as Western threats against Syria stoked worries over oil supplies from the Middle East region.
"While Syria is not a big producer of oil, the potential for the conflict to escalate in the Middle East is likely to continue to push prices higher, unless we see attempts from the US to ease concerns about some form of military action," said Alpari trading group analyst Craig Erlam.
"Chatter in dealing rooms is all about the wider consequences of what a military strike on Syria will mean," said dealer Jonathan Sudaria at Capital Spreads. "Although consensus appears to be for a precision surgical strike from the West, it is the consequences of the geopolitical shrapnel that will be flung all over the region that has traders heading for their bunkers."
The US and its allies built their case Wednesday for likely military action against the regime in war-torn Syria over alleged chemical weapons attacks, despite stern warnings from Iran and Russia.
A resolution drafted by Britain "condemning the chemical weapons attack by Assad" will be presented to a meeting of the Security Council's five permanent members in New York on Wednesday, Cameron said in a Twitter message.
US Vice President Joe Biden had declared on Tuesday that there was "no doubt" the Syrian regime was responsible for the use of chemical weapons.
However, Iranian supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei warned on Wednesday that any military intervention by the United States against Tehran's ally will spell "disaster" for the region. Iran has made strong statements in recent days against Western military intervention in Syria, which is not a major oil producing nation.
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