US President Barack Obama last week reversed a pledge to pull troops out as he admitted Afghan forces were not ready to stand alone against the resurgent Islamists, who briefly captured a key northern city this month.
The US sees Pakistan as one of the few sources of influence over the extremists, and analysts say Washington will use the four-day trip to urge Sharif to keep pushing for a new round of talks.
"The first is to put pressure on Pakistan to bring the Afghan Taliban to the negotiation table and the second is to persuade Pakistan to discourage the activities of the Afghan Taliban within Pakistan."
Washington's relationship with Islamabad is a prickly one, born of a fraught inter-dependency but pollinated by mutual mistrust.
Pakistan was once the Taliban's main sponsor and its chief protector, but nominally switched sides after the September 11, 2001 attacks on the US.
However, US officials suspect the organisation still receives succour from elements in Pakistan, including the nation's powerful spy agency.
Under pressure from the US, which has previously tied millions of dollars of aid to Pakistan's commitment to tackling militancy, Islamabad last year launched a military offensive in its northwestern tribal areas, where the insurgents had previously operated with impunity.
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