Over 20,000 people have been displaced in seven districts as the south western monsoon caused havoc, destroying hundreds of homes and cutting off several roads.
"We have seen worst rainfall since the 1970s," said Dunesh Gankanada, deputy minister of Disaster Management Centre (DMC).
"We are carrying out relief operations in some areas when we can't even reach some of the affected areas," Gankanda said, adding that people in the southeastern region of Ratnapura were taking shelter on tree tops.
The government has alerted international organisations for relief, Gankanda said.
"The Ministry of Foreign Affairs will keep monitoring the situation and will seek assistance as required," said Deputy Minister Karunaratne Paranavithana.
Sri Lanka Airforce and the Navy are working to provide relief to people stranded by floods with helicopters and boats deployed, an official has said.
Relief officials said the monsoon had been expected, yet the rainfall recorded was at unexpected levels.
Chief of Meteorological Department R S Jayasekera said while the peak of the monsoon had passed, more rains are expected during the next few days. Jayasekera said it is expected to intensify again on May 30.
He said the rainfall was more than in 2003 in the south of the island which killed over 250 people.
A majority of those killed were from a landslide in Kalutara and flooding in Ratnapura district, officials said.
They said adverse weather had badly affected seven districts.
"The number of deaths in Ratnapura district is recorded as 10 and it's nine in Kalutara due to floods and landslides," the DMC said earlier in a report.
According to the report, Galle is the worst affected district where 7,157 people have been affected.
Kalutara District Secretariat Field Officer said 38 deaths were reported from the district alone.
The Centre has asked people to be vigilant on rising water levels and also advised them to evacuate from unstable slopes if the showers continue for the next 24 hours to minimise disasters due to landslides, rock falls in Kegalle, Galle, Kalutara, Matara, Hambantota districts.
"Showers or thundershowers will occur at times in the Western, Sabaragamuwa, Southern, Central and North-western provinces. Heavy falls (about 150 mm) can be expected at some places," it said.
Sri Lanka, which has been heavily deforested for cash crops, often witnesses landslides during the monsoon season.
Last year, more than 100 people were killed in a massive landslide in the country.
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