A 22-year-old sergeant surnamed Lim opened fire on members of his own unit at a guard post near the tense border with North Korea on June 21, killing five and wounding seven.
Lim was captured alive after a 24-hour standoff with thousands of troops, when he shot himself in the chest.
His motive remains unknown, but Defence Minister Kim Kwan-Jin has suggested that bullying had been a factor.
"I convey my deep condolences to the victims... And feel very sorry for parents whose sons are serving in the military over their sense of unease," Park said at a meeting with aides.
Barrack-room bullying is a sensitive issue in South Korea, where the vast majority of personnel are those serving their mandatory two years of military service.
Mistreatment of fresh conscripts used to be rampant and was blamed for a number of suicides and similar shooting sprees in the past.
Measures have been taken to stamp out the practice, but experts say those who struggle to adapt to military life are often isolated and humiliated.
Lim joined the army in 2012 and was only three months away from being discharged.
Before his unsuccessful suicide attempt, Lim wrote a note that - according to media reports - described how bullying drove him to despair. The military has refused to release the note or confirm its contents.
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