The raucous scene unfolded as police and military forces patrolled central Cape Town to guard against protesters who want Zuma to quit. While at least one group of protesters scuffled with police who blocked their path, the streets were mostly calm.
Zuma is "rotten to the core," said Julius Malema, leader of the Economic Freedom Fighters, an opposition party. Other opposition legislators described the president as a "scoundrel" and a "constitutional delinquent."
Critics condemned an announcement by Zuma's office that 441 members of the military would assist police in maintaining order during the speech and the opening of parliament. The military has previously deployed for the event, but the security operation was among the largest in recent years. The hours leading up to Zuma's speech featured the pomp associated with the annual opening of parliament, when dignitaries walk on a red carpet and pose for cameras in an impromptu fashion show.
Zuma, who has expressed condolences to the families of the dead, has been under scrutiny for an allegedly improper relationship with the Guptas, a business family of Indian immigrants that has been accused of meddling in top government appointments. The president has denied wrongdoing. Zuma, who took office in 2009, also reimbursed the state more than USD 500,000 in a scandal over upgrades to his private home.
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