The woman, who was arrested on Arrecife on the island of Lanzarote, "maintained direct contact with Daesh operatives in Syria," it said in a statement, using an acronym for the IS group.
She is "accused of recruiting girls and teenagers, and facilitating their travel to areas controlled by the Daesh terrorist organisation," the statement added.
Islamic State jihadists control swathes of Syria and Iraq, where they have committed highly publicised atrocities including mass kidnappings and executions.
Spain has raided a number of alleged recruitment cells, most of them in its North African territories of Ceuta and Melilla as well as in Catalonia in the northeast of the country.
On April 1, a Moroccan living in Catalonia was remanded in custody after allegedly seeking to send her 16-year-old twin boys to fight with jihadists in Syria, a year after another of her sons died there.
Spain's interior ministry announced in March the arrest of two suspected Islamists in Ceuta on suspicion of belonging to a cell believed to be preparing attacks.
Hundreds more such radicals from France, Britain and Germany are also thought to have travelled to those countries to fight.
Spain raised its terror alert alert to four on a scale of five on June 26 following deadly attacks in France, Tunisia and Kuwait.
It is the highest alert level since Al-Qaeda inspired bombers blew up four packed commuter trains and killed 191 people in Madrid on March 11, 2004.
The heightened alert calls for an increasing police presence on the streets of Spanish cities as well as at airports, railway and bus terminals, nuclear power plants and electrical installations.
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