The monitoring group said the toll in the strike on Urum al-Joz could rise further because a number of people wounded in the attack were in a serious condition.
It said the strike was believed to have been carried out by Russian planes, which operate in support of the Syrian government.
The Observatory, which relies on a network of sources inside Syria for its information, says it determines whose planes carry out raids according to type, location, flight patterns and munitions used.
Earlier this week, a suspected chemical attack hit the town of Khan Sheikhun in Idlib, killing at least 87 civilians, including 31 children.
Much of the international community accused Bashar al-Assad's government of responsibility for that attack, though Damascus denied involvement.
The Khan Sheikhun strike prompted Washington to take its first direct military action against Assad's government, with missile strikes against a central air base yesterday morning.
More than 320,000 people have been killed in Syria since the conflict began in March 2011 with anti-government demonstrations.
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