Central America and Mexico are seeing "very dynamic movement" linked to the growing exodus from Venezuela, UN Deputy High Commissioner for Refugees Kelly Clements said during a visit to Guatemala.
She yesterday said UNHCR was "deeply concerned" by the outflow.
"This is something we need to preparing quite substantially for, in terms of additional support," Clements said.
She said her agency was looking at what was causing the emigration, what protections could be offered and "most importantly, how we can support those governments in the region."
Colombia recently said that half a million Venezuelans have entered its territory, both legally and illegally.
Brazil has boosted the military presence along its border with Venezuela and declared a state of emergency in the north of the country, where 40,000 Venezuelans have started living in the city of Boa Vista.
There are fears the surge could turn into a flood as Venezuela, which is on the brink of default despite vast oil wealth, grapples with hyperinflation, scarce food and medicine, and political turmoil.
Clements was making a regional tour that started with Mexico and will also take her to Honduras.
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