The American taxi-hailing company filed an appeal at the Westminster Magistrates' Court here against the ban.
Uber's licence officially expired on September 30 but the service can remain up and running until the legal process is exhausted, which could mean potentially a year or more.
The company said it will continue its discussions with TfL, which had ruled last month that the company was not "fit and proper" to operate in London on grounds of safety and security.
TfL "noted" the appeal but said it would not be commenting before the hearings, which are expected to start in December.
A TfL spokesperson said: "We note that Uber has submitted an appeal. No further comment will be made pending the appeal hearing."
Around 3.5 million passengers and 40,000 drivers use the Uber app in London.
Earlier this month, Uber's new chief executive, Dara Khosrowshahi, met Mike Brown, who runs Transport for London.
He also apologised for the companys past actions and promised to change.
London mayor Sadiq Khan has since indicated that the transport authority is willing to re-consider if safety concerns are addressed.
An online petition calling for the ban to be reversed has been signed by more than 850,000 people.
In making its decision not to renew Uber's licence, TfL had cited concerns including Uber's approach to reporting criminal offences, how it conducted medical and criminal checks on drivers, and whether software employed to evade regulation was being used in London.
Uber has also been criticised over its treatment of drivers who are employed by it, and is awaiting a separate tribunal ruling over the employment status of what it terms "partners".
It has been attempting to overturn a judgment that drivers about 40,000 of whom work for Uber in London have rights to paid holiday and the minimum wage.
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