But it insisted no decision on whether to replace Michel Platini as president would be taken until his appeals are finished.
Greek administrator Theodoridis moves up from deputy secretary general in place of Infantino who was elected as president of world body FIFA on Friday.
With world football stuck in corruption turmoil, Theodoridis cannot permanently take over the key post at the wealthiest continental confederation until Platini's future is decided.
The French football legend is currently hit by a six year ban over a suspect $2 million payment from former FIFA boss Sepp Blatter and so cannot take any UEFA decisions.
Reinhard Rauball, the head of Germany's powerful football federation, this week called on Platini to resign now.
Rauball said there is a power vacuum with Platini suspended and Infantino gone. "One has to distinguish between the personal interests of Platini and the capacity to function of UEFA, which is a venture worth billions," he told Sport Bild magazine.
But the UEFA executive decided at its meeting Friday to keep faith with the Frenchman.
Theodoridis told a press conference the committee decided
Platini made a formal appeal to CAS, which is based in Lausanne, this week.
The tribunal has said it is aiming to have a verdict before the European Championships start in France on June 10.
Platini, who has denied any wrongdoing over the payment, is desperate to keep his post at UEFA and be at the tournament in his home country.
UEFA officials said that if CAS rules against Platini an election could be held before Euro 2016 starts.
UEFA is to hold a congress in Budapest on May 3, but they said an extraordinary congress could also be held before June 10.
Theodoridis, 50, joined UEFA in 2008 and has been in charge of relations with the European national associations.
If Platini is forced to leave UEFA, the next president could choose a different general secretary.
Theodoridis' father Savvas is vice-president at Greek champions Olympiakos, whose owner Evangelos Marinakis has been banned from football activities by a magistrate investigating a match-fixing scandal between 2011 and 2013.
Marinakis, a 47-year-old shipowner, was recently cleared for lack of evidence in another match-fixing scandal involving the 2010-2011 season.
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