New York's benchmark West Texas Intermediate (WTI) for April delivery sank 64 cents to USD 47.65 per barrel, reversing earlier gains.
"US crude prices were in full retreat again today after yet another larger-than-expected rise in oil inventories," said IG analyst Chris Beauchamp.
"It is looking more and more like the bounce seen in February was just a flash in the pan."
On the upside, European benchmark Brent North Sea crude for April rose 65 cents to USD 57.04 a barrel.
The US government's Energy Information Administration (EIA) said Wednesday that American oil reserves rose 4.5 million barrels in the week to March 6.
That took total supplies to 448.9 million, the highest level since the EIA started compiling weekly inventory data in 1982.
Market expectations had however been for a larger gain of 4.6 million barrels, according to a survey by Bloomberg News.
"The EIA's weekly US petroleum report shows that stocks of oil rose again last week," said Thomas Pugh, commodities analyst at Capital Economics.
Crude prices lost some 60 percent of their value to about USD 40 between June and late January owing to an oversupply in world markets, a weak global economy and the strong dollar.
Prices have since rebounded following a slowdown in US oil drilling activities, but analysts say volatility is likely to continue for some time.
The oil market had suffered heavy falls on Tuesday as the rebounding dollar pushed the market sharply lower.
WTI tumbled USD 1.71 and Brent fell USD 2.14 as the greenback soared against major rivals.
Meanwhile on Wednesday, the European single currency hit a 12-year dollar low on expectations of a US interest rate hike. The euro slid to USD 1.0557 -- the lowest level since March 2003.
"The strong US dollar (is) limiting any upside potential in crude oil prices," added Myrto Sokou, senior research analyst at brokerage Sucden Financial.
