Memory loss is a well-documented consequence of the ageing process. Epidemiological estimates suggest that approximately 75 per cent of older adults report memory-related problems.
The study proves that middle-aged women outperform age-matched men on all memory measures.
It also suggests that premenopausal and perimenopausal women outperformed postmenopausal women in a number of key memory areas.
Women report increased forgetfulness and "brain fog" during the menopause transition. In addition, women are disproportionately at risk for memory impairment and dementia compared with men.
The cross-sectional study of 212 men and women aged 45 to 55 years assessed episodic memory, executive function, semantic processing, and estimated verbal intelligence through cognitive testing.
In addition to comparing sex differences, the study also found that premenopausal and perimenopausal women outperformed postmenopausal women in a number of key memory areas.
Declines in estradiol levels in postmenopausal women were specifically associated with lower rates of initial learning and retrieval of previously recalled information, while memory storage and consolidation were maintained.
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