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The National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) has clarified claims made in a study published in The Lancet, which reported a high prevalence of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) among Indian patients undergoing ERCP procedures, saying the findings reflect colonisation, not infection. They also stated that the data pertained to a high-risk clinical cohort rather than the general population. The international, multicentre cross-sectional study, conducted across tertiary care centres in the Netherlands, India, Italy, and the USA, reported that 83.1 per cent of Indian ERCP patients were colonised with at least one MDRO. "Careful interpretation of the findings and data reflects colonisation, not infection," official sources at NCDC said. "However, colonisation indicates only the presence of organisms and does not imply clinical infection or treatment failure," an official clarified. NCDC officials noted that "these findings pertain to a highly specific group of patients who alread