New Delhi is expecting that the 10 trillion yen ($67 billion) Japan has pledged in private investments over the next decade will slot directly into the government’s effort to supercharge small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and startups, seen as the core engines of job creation.
The hope in India is that these investments will give muscle to Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s vision of competitive federalism, with Indian states reaching out to Japanese prefectures to “make in India, make for the world” — and, crucially, to “make in India with Japan, export to the world,” especially to Africa, West Asia, and

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