According to the city's health and family planning commission, Beijing had about 2.80 lakh newborns in 2016, an increase of 62 per cent from 2015.
About 30 per cent of the newborns were not the first child in their families.
Last year's data was the first after China ended its decades-long one-child policy.
Last year, China permitted parents to have a second child.
Rates of maternal mortality, infant mortality and mortality among children under five also dropped in 2016, state-run Xinhua news agency reported.
According to a document released by the National Health and Family Planning Commission in January, 18.46 million babies were born in Chinese hospitals last year, the highest since 2000 and 1.31 million more than 2015.
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