The chronically unstable nation is struggling to overcome the legacy of three years of deadly conflict between Christians and Muslims that has driven half a million people from their homes.
"According to an initial toll, 16 people, most of them armed Fulani herdsmen, were killed and more than 20 others were wounded in the clashes," a police officer in the northern town of Kaga Bandoro told AFP on condition of anonymity.
The clashes, which erupted on Sunday, were not connected to a separate wave of violence in the capital Bangui today in which three people were killed.
The clashes are linked to the annual transhumance of Fulani cattle herdsmen, sometimes from neighbouring Cameroon and Chad, into the north of the Central African Republic.
The herdsmen are often armed to protect themselves from attacks from cattle thieves, and they sometimes stage deadly reprisals against the towns where the rustlers are from.
Kaga Bandoro resident Maurice Yanandji said the clashes on Sunday and today forced a number of bush residents to flee into the centre of the town.
At least 10 people were killed last week in northwest in violence blamed on Fulani herdsmen and the Seleka militia.
In a sign of the continuing tensions, three people were killed and hundreds forced to flee their homes after gunfire broke out today in Bangui's predominantly Muslim PK5 neighbourhood.
The deaths followed the kidnapping of six policemen at the weekend, blamed on a rebel group based in PK5. It was unclear if the fighting was connected to the kidnapping.
He said several people were wounded, some some of them seriously.
CAR, one of the world's poorest countries, was plunged into chaos by the March 2013 ousting of long-serving president Francois Bozize, a Christian, by the mainly Muslim Seleka rebel alliance.
The coup sparked revenge attacks involving Muslim forces and Christian vigilante groups known as "anti-balaka" (anti-machete) militias.
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