Increasing wealth in China has seen a surge in sales of consumer status symbols such as reproductions of ornate high-end furniture from the Ming and Qing eras.
The demand for so-called "hongmu" furniture has seen stocks of Siamese rosewood decimated across the Mekong area - Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Thailand - according to a report by the Environmental Investigation Agency, an independent campaign group.
Forests have been denuded by rampant illegal logging by gangs keen for a cut of the lucrative Chinese market, which since 2000 has imported an estimated USD 2.4 billion worth of precious timber from the Mekong area.
"The soaring value of Siamese rosewood has spurred a dramatic rise in illegal logging in an international criminal trade increasingly characterised by obscene profits, violence, fatal shootings and widespread corruption at every level," said EIA campaigner Faith Doherty.
The EIA called for international rules to be tightened to ban international trade in Siamese rosewood logs, sawn timber and veneers.
Violence and corruption has proliferated along a criminal trail that spans several nations as loggers and agents exploit loopholes in local and international conservation laws meant to protect the rare species.
"When loggers are confronted by enforcement officers, violence often ensues," said an EIA report entitled "Route of Extinction", adding that since 2009 dozens of Thai forest rangers have been killed.
Thai forces allegedly shot dead at least 69 Cambodian loggers in 2013.