"We have to put a stop to drunkenness that does such damage to young people," said Health Minister Marisol Touraine, adding the draft legislation aimed also to prevent "inciting people to drink on the Internet".
This appeared to be a reference to crazes such as "Neknominate" - an online game that involves players filming themselves drinking large quantities of alcohol while performing a stunt.
"Directly provoking a minor to excessive consumption of alcohol will be punished by a year imprisonment and a fine of 15,000 euros," the text of the draft legislation said.
The parametres of the law were not specified nor was it immediately clear how it would be enforced. If approved by the cabinet, the bill would go to the French parliament for debate and a vote.
Touraine also said she wanted to take aim at "games or objects that glorify the excessive consumption of alcohol," citing t-shirts or mobile phone covers with amusing scenes of drunkenness.
A recent report by the country's National Institute for Prevention and Education in Health warned that "the frequency of drunkenness among adolescents and young adults seems to be on the rise".
According to a World Health Organization report earlier this year, close to one in three people in France had what it called a "heavy drinking incident" per month.
WHO has repeatedly warned that "harmful drinking among young people is an increasing concern in many countries".
While long an issue in Britain, it is a more recent phenomenon in other countries like France, WHO said.
France raised its legal drinking limit from 16 to 18 in 2009.
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