Alexis Tspiras said it was now up to the leaders of Europe, who are Greece's main creditors, to accept a deal or risk potentially disastrous consequences for the region.
But the European Union said the sides were "not there yet."
Without more rescue loans, Greece could default on its debts this month and eventually even drop out of Europe's currency bloc, a step that would push Europe and the global economy into uncharted territory.
For four months, Greece and its creditors have been locked in a standoff over what reforms the country needs to make to get more loans.
Tsipras gave no specifics of what was included in the proposal, which he said was submitted Monday night to the European Central Bank, International Monetary Fund and European Commission, the EU's executive.
That same night, the leaders of Germany, France, the IMF, ECB and European Commission held an emergency meeting about Greece in Berlin. It was unclear whether Greece had submitted its proposal before the leaders met.
"The main message is that we are not there yet," she said.
Time is of the essence. Greece must repay a total of about 1.6 billion euros (USD 1.8 billion) to the IMF this month, with the first installment of 303 million euros due Friday.
It is uncertain whether Greece has the money to pay Friday's debt unless it gets a deal with creditors that will unlock the final 7.2 billion euros (USD 8 billion) of its five-year bailout program.
There have been suggestions Greece could seek to bundle all the money it owes the IMF this month into one payment on June 30 an option permitted under IMF rules but rarely used.
Taking that route could buy more time to secure a deal with creditors, although Athens has not indicated it is considering it.
Tsipras' government, a coalition of his radical left Syriza party and a small nationalist party, was elected in January on promises of repealing the deeply resented budget austerity measures that have accompanied its bailout.
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