The defending world champion Hamilton, who was suffering with a cold, must stop the German from winning on Sunday to take the title race to the final grand prix of the season, at Abu Dhabi in two weeks.
It was the perfect moment for the Briton to become only the third driver ever to secure 60 Formula One pole positions, behind Hamilton's hero Ayrton Senna (65 poles) and Michael Schumacher (68).
"Honestly, I felt quite comfortable all through qualifying as I have all weekend," said a cool and calm Hamilton, despite suffering from a cold.
"Nico's been going quicker and quicker, but I've generally had it covered. This is the best I could have hoped for coming to Brazil. It's always been a track I've struggled at so I'm glad to be up there at the front."
Hamilton, who has never won in Brazil, said he was not worried by the forecasts of rain for Sunday at Interlagos.
Rosberg has one hand on his first F1 title.
He took pole and won in Brazil in 2014 and 2015 and will secure the championship at last if he completes a hat-trick of wins.
"It was exciting and it was very close," said Rosberg.
"Lewis was marginally quicker than me in the end. But that's ok, pole isn't always the guy who wins the race so I'm still optimistic for tomorrow."
- Massa disappoints home crowd -
================================
Behind the two Mercedes, Kimi Raikkonen produced an unexpected fast late lap to take third for Ferrari narrowly ahead of Dutch teenager Max Verstappen of Red Bull, four-time world champion Sebastian Vettel in the second Ferrari and Daniel Ricciardo in the second Red Bull.
When his race engineer congratulated him, he added: "Thanks, I was pretty average!"
Frenchman Romain Grosjean was seventh for Haas ahead of Nico Hulkenberg and his Force India team-mate Sergio Perez, with two-time champion Fernando Alonso taking 10th for McLaren.
Heavy clouds had threatened rain as the Q1 session began with Hamilton heading the queue out of the pit lane ahead of Rosberg.
The Mercedes pair were soon setting the pace, Hamilton going top with a lap in 1:11.511, giving him an advantage of three-tenths on Rosberg's first flying run behind him.
Hamilton was out rapidly again for Q2 and Valtteri Bottas gave Williams a boost by going third temporarily before Felipe Massa, in his last home race, radioed in to say he felt that his Williams had a puncture.
"The front tyres aren't working," he said.
The session ended in drama as the home hero failed to make the cut along with team-mate Bottas, qualifying in 13th and 11th respectively.
For retirement-bound Massa, in his 13th and final Brazil race, 13th will be the worst grid position of his career for his home event.
Disclaimer: No Business Standard Journalist was involved in creation of this content
You’ve reached your limit of {{free_limit}} free articles this month.
Subscribe now for unlimited access.
Already subscribed? Log in
Subscribe to read the full story →
Smart Quarterly
₹900
3 Months
₹300/Month
Smart Essential
₹2,700
1 Year
₹225/Month
Super Saver
₹3,900
2 Years
₹162/Month
Renews automatically, cancel anytime
Here’s what’s included in our digital subscription plans
Exclusive premium stories online
Over 30 premium stories daily, handpicked by our editors


Complimentary Access to The New York Times
News, Games, Cooking, Audio, Wirecutter & The Athletic
Business Standard Epaper
Digital replica of our daily newspaper — with options to read, save, and share


Curated Newsletters
Insights on markets, finance, politics, tech, and more delivered to your inbox
Market Analysis & Investment Insights
In-depth market analysis & insights with access to The Smart Investor


Archives
Repository of articles and publications dating back to 1997
Ad-free Reading
Uninterrupted reading experience with no advertisements


Seamless Access Across All Devices
Access Business Standard across devices — mobile, tablet, or PC, via web or app
