Rescue workers, soldiers and sniffer dogs were still searching through the wreckage of the 15-storey Plasco building in downtown Tehran, which collapsed yesterday after a four-hour blaze.
But smouldering fires and smoke were complicating the search, and no survivors or bodies had been found.
"It is very unlikely that we will pull anyone out alive from the rubble," the head of Tehran's crisis management centre, Esmail Najjar, told the ISNA news agency.
The government announced a national day of mourning on Saturday for the firefighters, with the cabinet releasing a statement "praising these great men of sacrifice".
Impromptu displays of solidarity and sadness appeared all over Tehran, with people leaving flowers outside fire stations and around the site of the collapsed building.
"I look at my daughter and wife and think of the families of the firefighters. The lump in my throat is suffocating me," read one of thousands of messages from shocked Iranians on Twitter.
"If the firefighters had not been there in time, if they had not searched inside to evacuate people, we would have had hundreds under the rubble instead of 20 firefighters," said brigade spokesman Jalal Maleki.
The ISNA news agency said a total of 111 people were injured, of whom five were still in hospital.
One firefighter, who escaped the building before it collapsed, died in hospital today from severe burns, it added.
The head of Iran's chamber of commerce, Ali Fazeli, said an initial estimate of 15,000 billion rials (roughly USD 500 million) had been put on the financial damage.
The clothing suppliers were particularly full of stock in the run-up to Nowruz, the Iranian new year, which falls in March.
Tehran police chief Ghader Karimi said rescue workers were pulling safes and other items out of the rubble, and these were being kept in a special store at the site to return to owners.
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