The gulf between the players was evident as Wang struck the ball with authority while Karman's game was littered with errors as she lost the first match of the tournament 2-6 2-6 to Wang, ranked 125.
The onus to bring India back in the contest is now on the country's top singles player Ankita Raina, who is up against world number 125 Lin Zhu.
Wang is coming to the Fed Cup after a semifinal finish at the WTA Taipei Open, where she lost the last-four match to world number 45 Timea Babos after beating Eugeni Bouchard.
It was the second meeting between Karman, ranked 284, and Wang, who now leads the head-to-head 2-0, having won the first match during the Tianjin ITF event last year.
Wang stamped her superiority from the beginning as she broke Karman in the very first game of the match.
The 19-year-old Karman, coached by Aditya Sachdeva, lacked variety and tactics to tackle a wily opponent, who has played Grand Slam qualifiers.
Twice, Karman had chance to break her opponent second game of opening set and sixth of second but could not take her chances.
Karman's serve was good only in patches as she served five double faults. In the few rallies also it was the Chinese who handled the points well.
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