"We are no superpower," Prime Minister Joseph Muscat told AFP yesterday. "But we do not only control our border but also Europe's borders, and Italy is doing the same."
Also yesterday, Syrian refugees who survived a boat capsize off Malta said they were fired on by "militiamen" as they set out on their perilous journey from Libya.
At least 36 people perished after the boat sank on Friday, a week after another shipwreck off Italy left at least 359 dead.
The prime minister complained of the "very little response" Malta had received in appeals for EU solidarity over the humanitarian crisis.
"This situation cannot be solved with money but with political commitment and a clear strategy," he said.
Earlier yesterday, Muscat held a surprise meeting in Libya with his counterpart Ali Zeidan, saying afterwards that the north African country was "part of the solution".
A boat carrying up to 400 migrants, mostly Syrians, left the western Libyan port of Zwara on Thursday.
Syrian national Mohammed, 34, wept as he recalled his desperate search for his missing pregnant wife and seven-year-old daughter after he and his other five-year-old daughter managed to reach safety.
Mohammed said he had paid USD 4,800 (3,500 euros) to seek a better life in Europe, crossing through Egypt to Libya.
"When we got on the boat, Libyan militia put their machine guns to our heads and demanded more money. I had USD5,000 and they took this too," Mohammed said from a detention camp in Malta.
"All of a sudden, they started shooting at us and the boat... All I could think of at that time was to protect my two young children," Mohammed said.
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