The government swiftly convened an emergency meeting following the attacks outside the police headquarters and academy in N'Djamena, an official said on condition of anonymity.
There was no immediate claim of responsibility for the blasts, which a police official said left many dead and a number of people wounded.
It is believed to be the first attack of its kind in the capital of the north-central African nation, where security has been beefed up since Chad joined the fight against Boko Haram.
The former French colony is part of a four-nation coalition also including Nigeria, Cameroon and Niger that was created to tackle the Boko Haram insurgency.
Paris condemned today's blasts, with the foreign ministry saying in a statement it "stands alongside Chad and its partners in the fight against terrorism".
Last week, Abuja hosted a summit where Nigeria and fellow coalition members plus Benin rubber-stamped an 8,700-strong regional force to replace the current four-nation grouping.
Boko Haram has been waging a six-year campaign of violence in northeastern Nigeria that has left at least 15,000 people dead and increasingly spilled across borders.
Chad's involvement in the coalition began earlier this year when Deby sent troops to assist neighbouring Cameroon, whose far northern region was coming under attack by the rebels.
Nigeria's new President Muhammadu Buhari, who has vowed to make crushing Boko Haram the priority of his rule, visited Chad earlier this month.
Some of the 1.5 million people made homeless by the violence have fled to Chad, a poor, largely desert landlocked country.
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