The survey of more than 2,000 people by the Pew Research Center's Religion and Public Life Project sought to probe the nation's views on the prospect of living longer lives.
Already, aging adults account for a growing share of the US population. About 41 million Americans are 65 or older, making up 13 percent of the population, up from four percent in 1900.
By 2050, that number will rise to 20 percent, according to Census Bureau projections.
With the average US life expectancy at 78.7 years, more than two thirds said they would like to live longer than that, somewhere between 79 and 100.
The median, or midpoint, for ideal lifespan was 90, or about 11 years longer than the current US average.
Asked whether current medical treatments are worth the costs because they help people live longer and better quality lives, 54 percent agreed and 41 percent disagreed on grounds that modern medical advances "often create as many problems as they solve."
Seventy-nine percent said everyone should be able to get medical treatments that would slow, stop or reverse the aging process.
However, two-thirds said that in practice, only the wealthy would have access.
Two-thirds of respondents also said that longer life expectancies would strain natural resources, and believed that "medical scientists would offer the treatment before they fully understood how it affects people's health."
Views were split on the question of whether the economy would be more productive if people could work longer -- with 44 percent agreeing and 53 percent rejecting this idea.
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